Asia-Pacific — Singapore
HOMER software for energy projects in Singapore
Singapore's electricity system is small, constrained, and highly strategic. Data centres consume over 40% of national electricity. Land scarcity limits solar to rooftops and reservoirs. Regional electricity imports from Malaysia, Laos, and the broader ASEAN Power Grid are the primary decarbonisation pathway. HOMER models all of these configurations.
Singapore's energy system
EMA (Energy Market Authority) regulates Singapore's electricity market. SP Group operates the monopoly electricity grid. USEP (Uniform Singapore Energy Price) is the spot market price, set by the National Electricity Market of Singapore (NEMS), administered by the Energy Market Company (EMC). Singapore's generation fleet is almost entirely natural gas, with installed solar capacity constrained by the island's land area to approximately 2–3 GW peak potential.
Singapore's Long-Term Low-Emissions Development Strategy targets net zero by 2050. The four strategies are: solar (maximising the physically achievable), regional power grids (importing low-carbon electricity from neighbours), low-carbon fuels (green hydrogen, ammonia), and carbon capture. Each creates different HOMER use cases: rooftop and floating solar optimisation, interconnection modelling, and hybrid power system design for facilities requiring resilient, clean power.
Data centres and high-density C&I — HOMER Grid
Singapore hosts the largest concentration of data centre capacity in Southeast Asia. Equinix, Digital Realty, Keppel, Singtel, and hyperscale operators including AWS, Google, Microsoft, and Meta operate major facilities on the island. Data centres consume approximately 7% of total national electricity — a share the government has sought to control through a moratorium on new data centre builds (2019–2022) and subsequently through EMA's green data centre standards.
HOMER Grid models Singapore data centre energy strategies: rooftop solar on available industrial building footprints, BESS for demand peak management under SP Group's Maximum Demand tariff structures, fuel cell or diesel backup generation for resilience modelling, and the economics of on-site generation versus electricity purchasing under USEP spot exposure. RE100 data centre operators modelling their Singapore PUE (Power Usage Effectiveness) targets and renewable energy strategies use HOMER to quantify the self-generation component.
Rooftop solar, floating PV, and BESS — HOMER Grid
Singapore's SolarNova programme aggregates government building rooftops for solar deployment under a leasing framework. The Tengeh and Bedok reservoirs host floating solar installations — Tengeh at 60 MWp is among the world's largest. HDB (Housing Development Board) rooftop solar and JTC industrial building solar represent the primary behind-the-meter opportunity for non-government consumers.
HOMER Grid models Singapore rooftop solar economics: SP Group's Enhanced Central Intermediary Scheme (ECIS) for export metering, consumption-based billing under EMA's NEMS market structure, and BESS co-location for self-consumption maximisation. Singapore's lack of net metering (only CES — Consumer Edge Supply — for solar export at market rate) means that maximising self-consumption behind the meter is the primary financial driver, making BESS sizing with HOMER particularly valuable.
Regional interconnection and energy imports
Singapore's primary decarbonisation pathway for electricity is regional interconnection. The Lao PDR–Thailand–Malaysia–Singapore (LTMS-PIP) pilot began delivering Lao hydro-based electricity to Singapore in 2022. EMA has issued conditional approvals for several multi-gigawatt renewable energy import projects from Australia (Sun Cable's AAPowerLink), Indonesia, and Cambodia.
HOMER's multi-source dispatch modelling — combining imported electricity from interconnectors with local solar, BESS, and gas generation — is directly applicable to the modelling challenges that Singapore's energy planners, IPPs, and corporate offtakers face. The optimal combination of local generation, BESS, and import contract structure for a Singapore facility or energy developer is a HOMER Grid optimisation problem.
Singapore market context
EMA (Energy Market Authority)
Regulates Singapore's electricity and gas markets, administers renewable energy frameworks, sets data centre energy efficiency standards, and approves regional electricity import projects.
SP Group
Monopoly electricity grid operator in Singapore. Operates the transmission and distribution network, manages the Enhanced Central Intermediary Scheme (ECIS) for solar export, and provides Maximum Demand metering for commercial consumers.
NEMS / USEP
National Electricity Market of Singapore, administered by the Energy Market Company. USEP (Uniform Singapore Energy Price) is the wholesale spot electricity price, set in half-hourly intervals.
SolarNova
Government programme aggregating public sector rooftop solar capacity. Managed by JTC Corporation and EDB. Sets the framework for government building solar leasing and procurement.
Ready to model your Singapore project?
Whether you're optimising a data centre energy strategy, sizing BESS for a rooftop solar installation, or modelling regional energy import economics, HOMER gives you the rigorous analysis Singapore's energy market requires.