Grid-connected — HOMER Grid

Five-nines uptime meets sustainability—modeled and optimized

HOMER software helps data center operators evaluate on-site solar, battery storage, and hybrid generation systems that reduce energy costs, improve power resilience, and deliver on corporate carbon-neutral commitments—without compromising the uptime your customers demand.

Data centers face a trilemma: cost, carbon, and reliability

Data centers consume 1–2% of global electricity—and that share is growing rapidly with AI workloads. Operators face simultaneous pressure to reduce energy costs (electricity is 30–40% of operating expenses), meet aggressive corporate sustainability targets (24/7 carbon-free energy), and maintain the extreme reliability their SLAs demand. On-site generation and storage can address all three, but only if the system is designed with rigorous techno-economic analysis.

Data Centers

Critical pain points

Why data center energy strategy is high stakes

30–40% of OPEX

Electricity is the #1 OPEX

Power accounts for 30–40% of data center operating costs. Demand charges alone can represent 25%+ of the electricity bill for facilities with spiky cooling loads.

24/7 CFE expectation

Carbon-neutral commitments

Hyperscalers and enterprise tenants increasingly require 24/7 carbon-free energy (CFE)—not just annual renewable energy credits. On-site generation is part of the answer.

99.999% SLA pressure

Extreme uptime requirements

SLAs demand 99.999% availability. Any on-site energy system must enhance—never compromise—power reliability. Traditional backup diesel is being supplemented or replaced by BESS.

50–100+ MW demand

AI-driven power growth

AI training and inference workloads are driving unprecedented power density growth. New facilities need 50–100+ MW, straining grid connections and requiring on-site solutions.

Rigorous energy modeling for the world's most demanding facilities

HOMER Grid models the complex interaction between a data center's load profile, utility tariff, on-site generation (solar, fuel cells, natural gas), battery energy storage, and backup systems. It finds the configuration that minimises total cost of energy while meeting your reliability, sustainability, and power quality requirements.

Core modeling advantages

Built for confident decisions

8,760-hour visibility

Load Profile Analysis

Import your facility's real 15-minute interval data—including cooling load variation, IT load ramps, and maintenance windows. HOMER models the full 8,760-hour year to capture seasonal patterns.

Stacked BESS value

BESS Multi-Use Modeling

Model batteries that serve multiple functions: peak demand reduction during normal operation, UPS-grade backup during outages, and energy arbitrage during off-peak hours. Quantify each revenue stream.

Optimal source mix

Grid + On-Site Co-Optimization

Evaluate the optimal mix of grid power, on-site solar, fuel cells, natural gas generation, and BESS—accounting for interconnection limits, demand charges, and carbon intensity of the grid at each hour.

Additional Capabilities

  • +Advanced Load module: Separate IT loads (non-negotiable) from cooling and lighting (partially flexible) to model intelligent load management strategies.
  • +HOMER Front: For utility-scale data center campuses with front-of-the-meter solar + BESS, model merchant revenue and PPA economics alongside on-site self-consumption.
  • +Multi-Year module: Project system economics over the facility lifecycle, accounting for IT load growth (10–20% annually for AI-heavy sites), battery degradation, and rate escalation.

Use Case: On-site solar + BESS for a colocation data center

The Situation

A 20 MW colocation data center in Virginia's “Data Center Alley” pays $8.5 million annually for electricity. Demand charges account for $2.8M of that total, driven by cooling load spikes during summer afternoons. The operator's parent company has committed to 100% renewable energy by 2030, and enterprise tenants are increasingly asking for auditable carbon-free energy data.

What Was Modeled

Using HOMER Grid, the operator modeled actual 15-minute load data against Dominion Energy's commercial tariff. They evaluated combinations of 3–8 MW ground-mount and carport solar, 10–40 MWh lithium-ion BESS, and a natural gas fuel cell (500 kW–2 MW). Dispatch strategies were optimised for demand charge reduction, TOU arbitrage, and maintaining 2-hour BESS reserve. Federal ITC, MACRS, and Virginia Clean Economy Act incentives were modeled.

The Outcome

Optimal design: 6 MW solar + 25 MWh / 10 MW BESS + 1 MW fuel cell. Annual savings: $3.2M (38% bill reduction)—$2.1M from demand charge shaving, $700K from TOU arbitrage, and $400K from fuel cell baseload displacement. The solar + fuel cell combination covers 42% of annual energy consumption with carbon-free generation. Project IRR: 18%. The operator uses the HOMER analysis in tenant sales materials as proof of sustainability commitment.

30–40%
of data center OPEX is electricity—the largest controllable cost
25–40%
bill reduction achievable with optimised on-site solar + BESS
2–4 hrs
BESS backup increasingly replacing or supplementing diesel UPS
42–65%
carbon-free energy achievable with on-site solar + fuel cells

Real-World Applications

Location / Client Project Type Key Result
Virginia Data Center Alley Data center operators adopting on-site solar + BESS at scale Driven by demand charges, sustainability mandates, and grid connection constraints
Prologis / logistics facilities Solar + storage for large commercial roof and ground-mount installations Model applicable to data center campus environments
Fortune 500 hyperscaler Published research on 24/7 CFE strategies incorporating on-site generation HOMER-type analysis cited in corporate sustainability reporting
Global colocation providers DER optimization for data center energy portfolios Demonstrates market demand for tariff-depth analysis in data center planning

Recommended HOMER Products

HOMER Grid

Electric bill optimization

HOMER Grid's tariff-aware optimization is ideal for data centers where demand charges are a dominant cost. Its ability to model multi-use BESS (economic dispatch + backup) addresses the data center's unique dual requirement of cost savings and extreme reliability.

Key Features: Advanced Load, tariff database, multi-use BESS dispatch

Supporting Services

Advisory Services

Independent system design, financial modeling, and technology evaluation for data center energy projects. UL Solutions' engineering credibility supports tenant sales and investor confidence.

Learn More →

HOMER Front

For large data center campuses with utility-scale solar + BESS projects that participate in wholesale markets or structured PPAs, HOMER Front provides front-of-meter revenue optimization.

Learn More →

Ready to optimize your data center's energy strategy?

HOMER software delivers the rigorous analysis data center operators need to balance cost, carbon, and reliability. Whether you're evaluating BESS for demand shaving, solar for sustainability targets, or both, start with a demo or talk to our energy specialists.